Range map for Wild Raisin (Viburnum nudum) PLEASE NOTE: A coloured Province or State means this species occurs somewhere in that Province/State. Viburnum nudum is a shrub with opposite, simple leaves, on slender stems. In Pennsylvania, it represents a southerly species and has been documented in a few southeastern counties. Retrieved 10 February 2020. iNaturalist. The fruit has a single large seed, so there is not much flesh, but what's there is said to be sweet and well-flavored. Its ripe fruit is eaten by many kinds of wildlife. Type: Broadleaf. 194-197. Possumhaw Viburnum is a 12-15-foot tall (some report up to 20 feet) x 12-15-foot wide, deciduous, wet-tolerant shrub of surprising ornamental value found in … At White House Natives, we would like to shine a spotlight on both Viburnum nudum and Viburnum prunifolium. 586-591. 2020. This plant is fairly common in swampy and boggy areas in the Adirondacks. and W.M. In the Adirondacks, the Northern Wild Raisin flowers for a short period in mid- to late-June. 2018. It grows in wetlands, particularly swamps, wet thickets, and the margins of ponds. New York Natural Heritage Program. Botanical Name: Viburnum nudum 'Winterthur' Form: Tree/Shrub Sun Exposure: Full Sun, Partial Shade Height/Habit: 5 - 6 feet Spread: 5 - 6 feet Spacing: 5 - 6 feet Hardiness Zone: 5-9 Flowering Date: Mid to late spring Planting Instructions: None special. Retrieved 10 February 2017. In sites where Northern Wild Raisin forms a dense thicket, it can provide cover for various mammals and birds. cassinoides. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. University of Michigan. It can be found in some field guides under the scientific name Viburnum cassinoides. Winterthur Smooth Viburnum Viburnum nudum 'Winterthur' Sku #1301. New York Natural Heritage Program. Klein, Jr. 1993. Wild Raisin. Ecological Communities of New York State. New York State. 2007. Shiny deep green foliage turns cinnabar red in the fall. Grows in moist soils, swamps, and open woods. This plant is also known as Withe Rod, Withe-rod, Northern Witherod, Witherod Viburnum, Possum Haw, Possum Haw Viburnum, Northern Wild-raisin, and Wild Raisin. New York Natural Heritage Program. Viburnum cassinoides L. Retrieved 10 February 2017. Viburnum nudum var. Multi stem, rounded upright shrub with clusters of flat topped, white flowers in spring. Viburnum lentago: leaf blades with regular, fine, and sharp teeth throughout the margin and array of flowers unstalked (vs. V. nudum, with the leaf blades with irregular and usually rounded teeth (sometimes portions of the blade lacking teeth altogether) and array of flowers elevated on a stalk 5-50 mm long). University of Michigan Herbarium. Online Conservation Guide for Hemlock-Hardwood Swamp. Petals are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Flowers are white to cream; fruit dark blue; common in moist soils. Withe-rod. Asclepias incarnata (Swamp Milkweed) Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold) Eupatorium perfoliatum (Common Boneset) Iris versicolor (Blue Flag Iris) Juncus effusus (Soft Rush) Lobelia siphilitica (Great Blue Lobelia) Onoclea sensibilis (Sensitive Fern) (Range map provided courtesy of the USDA website and is displayed here in accordance with their Policies) NatureServe. Encyclopedia of Life. Wild Raisin. The fruit reportedly may be eaten raw or cooked, and was used by several native American tribes, including the Abnaki and the Algonquin. New York Natural Heritage Program. Fewer than ten populations, most of them with only a few individuals, are known from the state. Version 7.1. Online Conservation Guide for Black Spruce-Tamarack Bog. An infusion of bark reportedly was used as a wash for a sore tongue. v.1 Updated 10.23.2006. 2020. NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. A Guide to the Peatland Plants of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada (University Press of New England, 2016), pp. 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2017. Meiyin Wu and Dennis Kalma. nudum is rare in New England, and it is believed to no longer grow in wild areas of Connecticut. Available https://explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 8 February 2017. The Plants of Pennsylvania: An Illustrated Manual. Northern Wild-raisin. Retrieved 17 January 2017. pp. Viburnum cassinoides. Retrieved 10 February 2017. http://plant-quest.blogspot.com/2007/02/viburnum-nudum-close-to-perfection.html, © 2019 PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Viburnum nudum is one of the unsung—and underused—heroes of the viburnum family. PBS Status: Pennsylvania Endangered (PE)
Retrieved 10 February 2020. IMPORTANCE TO LIVESTOCK AND WILDLIFE: Highbush cranberries are consumed by many small mammals and songbirds [22,58].Game birds including spruce grouse and ruffed grouse also eat the berries [15,34].Foliage is browsed by beaver, rabbit, and snowshoe hare [].Squashberry is of low to moderate importance as browse to Roosevelt elk, Rocky Mountain elk, mountain goat, bighorn sheep, … The leaves are oppositely-arranged, shiny above, toothed or untoothed on the margin, oblong to elliptic in shape, and typically 8-13cm long. Flowers are white to cream; fruit greenish to pink, maturing to blue-black and is eaten readily by many birds. The New York Flora Atlas is a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state, as well as information on plant habitats, associated ecological communities, and taxonomy. Viburnum nudum L. Retrieved 10 February 2020. (Bulletin of the New York State Museum, Volume 6, Number 28, June 1899), p.100. cassinoides . It can also be seen on the Lake Colby Railroad Tracks. New York Natural Heritage Program. Online Conservation Guide for Spruce-Fir Swamp. Viburnum nudum var. topped with yellow anthersAnther: the part of a stamen that contains the pollen., giving the flower cluster a creamy glow. Our native animals and plants evolved over thousands of years into a integrated system of food producers and food consumers. Online Conservation Guide for Shrub Swamp. Although Northern Wild Raisin, unlike some other shrubs, consistently bears heavy crops of fruit, it is not ranked as an important wildlife food. Retrieved 10 February 2020. Native to (or naturalized in) Oregon: No. Viburnum cassinoides. A landscape favorite, this viburnum has all of the wildlife power of the above two species. Images. The beauty of the native species’ flowers rivals that of the non-native snowball bush or the non-native hydrangeas. Retrieved 10 February 2020. Native Plant Trust. It has a PA legal rarity status and a PABS suggested rarity status of Endangered. and T.A. Winterthur Smooth Viburnum Viburnum nudum ‘Winterthur. Ronald B. Davis. State Status: Pennsylvania Endangered (PE)
The selection “Winterthur’ will have a stronger berry set if you also plant a straight species. 302-303. Native American Ethnobotany. A Database of Foods, Drugs, Dyes and Fibers of Native American Peoples, Derived from Plants. Second Edition (March 2014). Adirondack Park Agency. It may also occur in non-wetlands thickets, clearings, and forest edges. Preliminary List of Species Native Within the Adirondack Park Listed Alphabetically by Scientific Name and Sorted by Habit. The Plants Database. A number of viburnums have been covered in the Green Industry News such as Viburnum x pragense, Viburnum sieboldii 'Seneca', and Viburnum x burkwoodii 'Mohawk'. Viburnum nudum ‘Winterthur’ Winterthur grows to only about six feet (the species can get to 20′). Viburnum nudum L. Older books would identify the plant in the photo as Viburnum cassinoides , but it is now considered to be Viburnum nudum var. The PA Biological Survey considers possumhaw to be a species of special concern, based on the relatively few occurrences that have been recently documented and its wetland habitat. Version 7.1. rank interpretation
2017. Eastern Region (Alfred A. Knopf, 2001), pp. The flowers of Northern Wild Raisin appear in a dense cluster usually about four inches wide. United States Department of Agriculture. A Guide to Wildlife Food Habits (New York: Dover Publications, 1951), pp. 106-109, Plates 30, 31, and 32. The following are selections of Viburnum nudum, a species closely allied to V. cassinoides that some authorities include with the species. Alexander C. Martin, Herbert S. Zim, and Arnold L. Nelson. Field Guide to North American Wildflowers. Broadleaf deciduous, somewhat compact, shrub to about 6 ft (1.5 m) in 10 years, narrower width. 363-364. It is native to low woods, swamps and bogs in the eastern and southeastern U.S. from Connecticut south to Florida and Louisiana. These are also in the genus Viburnum (of which there are over 150 species) but these two ornamentals are both from Asia. Within New York State, Northern Wild Raisin is found in most of the counties in the eastern half of the state. Viburnum dentatum (Arrowood Viburnum) Viburnum nudum (Possumhaw Viburnum) Perennials. Retrieved 9 February 2017. Plant viburnums in areas of the home landscape offering full sun exposure, unless you are gardening with a particular species such as possum-haw viburnum (V. nudum) which prefers part shade. The one that catches my eye at this time of year is Viburnum nudum 'Winterthur'. William K. Chapman and Alan E. Bessette. Lawrence Newcomb. Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Little Brown and Company, 1977), pp. PNHP is a partnership between The Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, NatureServe. Retrieved 10 February 2020. It was previously included in the honeysuckle family Caprifoliaceae.. Viburnum cassinoides - L. Retrieved 8 February 2017. The leaves reportedly may be used as a pleasant-tasting tea substitute. The berries are showy in colors of pink and blue and are attractive to birds. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Adirondack Habitats: Northern Wild Raisin usually occurs in wetlands, including swamps, fens, and bogs. Viburnum nudum, commonly called smooth witherod, is a rounded, multi-stemmed, upright-spreading, deciduous shrub that typically grows in the wild to 5-12’ tall and as wide. Wetland Plants of the Adirondacks: Ferns, Woody Plants, and Graminoids (Trafford Publishing, 2011), p. 44. The deep green leaves are two to four inches long. Viburnum nudum, commonly called smooth witherod, is a rounded, multi-stemmed, upright-spreading, deciduous shrub that typically grows in the wild to 5-12’ tall and as wide. Red Squirrel, Eastern Chipmunk, Snowshoe Hare, Striped Skunk, and White-tailed Deer also eat the fruit, which can hang onto the bush into the winter. cassinoides. This plant is listed as endangered in Indiana, Kentucky and Pennsylvania, and a plant of special concern in Connecticut. New York Natural Heritage Program. A tally of flowering dates for the upland Adirondack areas compiled by Michael Kudish, based on data collected from the early seventies to the early nineties, lists flowering dates from 16 June to 18 June. It is important to note the difference between possumhaw and winterberry. and five stamensStamen: The male part of the flower, made up of the filament and anther. Even in these cases, the shrub's contribution to the nutritional needs of these creatures is modest. 463-465, Plates 162, 163, and 168. 2nd edition. 88-89. The fruits, borne on colorful red stems, change color as they mature, starting off yellow-green to pink, and maturing to a dark blue-black. possumhaw – Viburnum nudum St. Johnswort – Hypericum densiflorum silky dogwood – Cornus amomum spicebush Lindera benzoin swamp azalea – Rhododendron viscosum swamp rose – Rosa palustris wild raisin – Viburnum cassinoides winterberry – Ilex verticillata SHRUBS for SUN Summersweet – Clethra alnifolia Adirondack Park Observations. Wild Raisin. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Retrieved 10 February 2020. 2020. Family: Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae. Retrieved 10 February 2017. Viburnum nudum var. Viburnum nudum L. Common Name: Possum Haw Viburnum; Southern Wild Raisin: Habitat: ** Associated Ecological Communities: ** Growth Habit: Tree: Duration: Perennial: Category: Vascular: USDA Symbol: VINU: Plant Notes: Possum Haw Viburnum is a native deciduous shrub or small tree in the Moschatel family (Adoxaceae). Rhoads, A.F. The leaves of Northern Wild Raisin are simpleSimple Leaf: A leaf with a single undivided blade, as opposed to a compound leaf, which is one that is divided to the midrib, with distinct, expanded portions called leaflets. Viburnum nudum L. var. National Audubon Society. Ask your local nursery or garden center to help you and local wildlife, by selling “paired plants” for those species needing cross-pollination, including our beautiful native viburnums. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. In the Adirondacks, the fruits develop starting in late August and early September, maturing in late September. It’s a native shrub in the Northeast and Southeast, from Connecticut to Florida and west to Louisiana. Because the berries are desirable to birds and the flowers to pollinators, this is the ideal shrub for your garden to become a certified wildlife habitat! Fragrant flowers! (meaning that the leaves are not divided into leaflets) and oppositeOpposite Leaves: Leaves occurring in pairs at a node, with one leaf on either side of the stem., meaning that they appear in pairs, directly across from each other on the stem. 2020. Viburnum nudum 'Winterthur' Common name: Winterthur Smooth Witherod. The individual flowers are white, ¼ Northern Wild Raisin is found in eastern North America, south to Georgia and west to Wisconsin and Illinois. It tolerates both shady and wet sites, excellent for shrub borders, naturalizing and woodland sites. Flowers May - June, fruits August - November. Spring blooms, fall color. Attractive in shrub borders, hedges and foundation plantings. Possumhaw (Viburnum nudum) is a deciduous shrub or small tree that grows up to 4m tall. Description Possumhaw (Viburnum nudum) is a deciduous shrub or small tree that grows up to 4m tall. In Canada, this shrub occurs in Quebec and Ontario. The fruits at maturity are dark blue-black and berry-like, with a single seed. Habitat On Long Island, this species is associated with white cedar swamps along streams within pine barrens. New York Flora Association. New York Flora Atlas. Possum Haw, Viburnum nudum– Grows to 4 meters tall. Possumhaw viburnums (Viburnum nudum) are native to the southeastern United States. This species may be impacted by deer browsing in some locations. The viability of known populations of possumhaw and its habitat would be enhanced by creating buffers around wetlands, controlling invasive species, and protecting the hydrology of the wetland and its surroundings. The leaves are oppositely-arranged, shiny above, toothed or untoothed on the margin, oblong to elliptic in shape, and typically 8-13cm long. Northern Wild Raisin is an erect, medium-sized, long-lived shrub which reaches maximum height at maturity at about 15 feet. Charles H. Peck. But better berry crop is achieved with more than one viburnum planted. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. cassinoides. Northern Wild Raisin also has some medicinal uses. The flowers are white, borne in late spring. The berry-like fruit appears in clusters after flowering. IThe opposite wavy-edgeded leaves are nicer leaves than … Somewhat smaller than Nannyberry, it has an especially beautiful form, often with one or more trunks and slender arching branches. Northern Wild Raisin (Viburnum nudum) growing in swampland on the shore of Little Colby Pond along the Lake Colby Railroad Tracks in Saranac Lake (26 August 2019). Viburnum nudum var. This species has showy, white clusters of flowers and gives off a musky smell. A related species, Possum-haw (Viburnum nudum), is listed at … Michael Kudish. They are narrowly egg-shaped or lance-shapedLanceolate: A leaf shaped like a lance head, tapering to a point at each end., with nearly-smooth or wavy edges with rounded, low teeth. Plants of North Elba. Fragrant, creamy white flowers, followed by white fruit that darkens to pink before maturing to blue. The pattern of iNaturalist observations for the Adirondack Park over recent years is consistent with that data. Each fruit is about ⅓ inch long. 2020. The Vascular Flora of Pennsylvania. The entire Province/State is coloured, regardless of where in that Province/State it occurs. Online Conservation Guide for Floodplain Forest. Plant in groups for better fruit production. Genus: Viburnum. It is native to low woods, swamps and bogs in the eastern and southeastern U.S. from Connecticut south to Florida and Louisiana. Plants for a Future. Available at. Federal Status: Global Rank: G5
It prefers sun to part shade in acidic, moist, well-drained soils but can be adaptable. Retrieved 22 February 2017. An infusion has been used as a treatment for fever and convulsions. Retrieved 9 February 2017. Viburnum nudum. Viburnum nudum usually grows in a woodland setting, but is also commonly found in moist sites like swamps and bogs. The small individual flowers have white petals with five regular lobes. cassinoides. The flowers, which appear in … Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry. The wildlife which makes greatest use of this shrub as a food source includes Ruffed Grouse, Brown Thrasher, Cedar Waxwing, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Purple Finch, and other birds. Foliage is a glossy dark green which displays beautiful fall colors of orange, red and maroon. Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. State Rank: S1. New York Natural Heritage Program. 2020. A compact Viburnum Nudum. Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program. The bark and root bark of the shrub reportedly was used as a tonic. Vouchered plant specimens of Northern Wild Raisin have been documented in all counties within the Adirondack Park except Saratoga and Washington counties. Northern Wild Raisin has a variety of uses as an edible plant. 'Count Pulaski'-This open-growing plant offers larger, glossy leaves and wonderful fruit that pass through shades of pink, lavender, blue and black. Northern White Raisin is classified as a Facultative Wetland (FACW) plant, meaning that it usually occurs in wetlands on poorly-drained soils, but can occasionally be found in non-wetlands on fairly well-drained soil. Plan D: Purchase a cultivar and a straight species viburnum, of the same species, which are in bud or bloom at the same time. Partial to full … New York Natural Heritage Program. Throughout its range, it is seen in swamps, fens, and bogs. June, fruits August - November hedges and foundation plantings deciduous shrub or small tree grows... 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